Women Educational Status and Its Impact in Nuh District of Haryana

 

Dr. Deepak Kumar¹, Dr. Vandana Tyagi1², Dr. Ravi Rastogi³

 

¹PDF, Department of Geography, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi

²Associate Professor and HOD, Department of Geography, S.D. (PG) College, Muzaffarnagar, Uttar Pradesh

³Associate Professor, School of Computing Science and Engineering, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh

 

ABSTRACT:

 

1. INTRODUCTION:

Our country is facing many social, economic and political problems in this time like poverty, child labor, child marriage, unemployment, female feticide, population burst, immigration, health diseases, corruption, terrorism, climate change, flood and draught, pollution, deficiency of drinking water, demonetization and illiteracy. Every issue that our society faces is like a link of chain which is connected to another, either directly or indirectly. The chain of issues in this society that we live in, the strongest link of that chain is illiteracy.

 

 

Illiteracy is the mother of all issues as it gives to birth too many other issues like poverty and many more. Illiteracy is one of the main problems which obstacles social, economic, occupational structure, infrastructure and political development. Most of illiterate person relate primary illiteracy and other functional illiteracy. It mainly has primary illiteracy in Nuh district of Haryana. India is a group of villages in which sixty eight percent people is living in rural area and others in urban area. Rural people have gender disparity. Rural people give more importance male than female in every field of life. Ninety percent people of this district are living in rural area and ten percent is living in urban area.

 

According to Census 2011, Indian literacy rate is 74.04. Male literacy rate is 82.14% while female literacy rate is 65.46%. It has the largest gap between male and female literacy rate. According to Census 2011, Haryana literacy rate is 75.55. Male literacy rate is 84.06% while female literacy rate is 65.94%. It has also the largest gap between male and female literacy rate. According to Census 2011, Nuh district of Haryana literacy rate is 54.08. Male literacy rate is 69.94% while female literacy rate is 36.60%. It has also the largest gap between male and female literacy rate. So we can say that Nuh district of Haryana has the poorest literacy rate than other district of Haryana state. Nuh district is one of the districts of Haryana state which is most backward district in female educational sector. The main reason of male-female literacy gap is male-dominated societies. Women are relegated to the background of society. They are expected to be virtuous wives and mothers who care for their families; their role is therefore in the home. Women’s literacy threatens that status quo. Practically, caring for a family is time-consuming. Women who have the responsibility of caring for children and husbands have little, if any, free time after gathering wood, cooking, cleaning, caring for crops, and any other responsibilities they may have. This problem is multiplied by early marriage. Girls, who would normally have opportunities for education, marry and have children at a young age. In addition, literacy is seen as being just for men. Culturally, it is more appropriate for men to learn to read and write than for women. Men are seen as having a greater ability to learn to read and a greater earning potential than women. If a family can afford to send only one person to school, it will be a male. So many girls are taking education nearby schools and colleges that part’s ours society is little. Due to illiteracy; our female society could not their development in any sector like social, economic, political and physical sectors. So we can say that women of Nuh district of Haryana have the poorest condition than other district of Haryana.

 

2. LITERATURE REVIEW:

The positive impact of women’s education on their late marriages, autonomy and lower fertility. This study also shows female education making women more autonomous and giving more control about various dimensions in their life (E. Bbaale, and P. Mpuga, 2011). The major instrument for empowering women is only education. Through education by which woman helps to gain her rights and make her confident about her possibilities, including decisions of her family and personal affairs within the family. In case of female is educated, her family members and husband may consult her before make any major decisions (Acharya).

 

Women’s status can be measure with the help of a diverse set of indicators. Some broad indicators by her across all states of India namely health and education in public/private decision making to measure the women’s status in the society.(Rustagi, Preet, 2004).

 

According to Swami Vivekananda “There is no chance for the welfare of the world unless the condition of the women is improved. It is not possible for a bird to fly on only one wing.” In reality, the status of women in question of gender equality is far from their legitimate right.

 

3. OBJECTIVE:

To assessment female literacy rate block wise and;

To assessment to affect female literacy rate on study area. 

 

4. HYPOTHESIS:

There is a positive relationship between female illiteracy and backwardness and;

There is a positive relationship between female illiteracy and lack of average illiteracy.

 

5. STUDY AREA:

Geographically, Nuh District of Haryana is situated between 28.0107 N, 77.0564 E. It occupies an area of 1,507 square kilometers. It is bounded by Gurugram district on the North, Rewari on the North-West, Faridabad on North-East, and Palwal districts on the East, Rajasthan state on the South and the West. Nuh town is the headquarters of this district.

 

 

Nuh district of Haryana has been divided into two parts: upper hill and lower hill. The Aravli hills spread about 70 kilometer from the border of Gurugram district to the border of Alwar district of Rajasthan. The soil of Nuh district is light in texture, particularly sandy, sandy loam and clay loam. The upper hills are mostly barren. Nuh district has the lack of water resource which provide by rainy well and canals.

 

6. DATABASE AND METHODOLOGY:

The research work will be based on secondary sources of data. Secondary data will be collected from District Census handbooks of Nuh district, Census of India. Data which is collected from secondary sources will be analyzed with several techniques. Female literacy rate analysis will be incorporated in the study area to so the changes which have taken in the different time periods. The study area will be divided into five blocks. Simple percentage technique will be applied to find out female literacy rate and its comparison will be done for census data 2001-2011. The collected data will be classified; manipulated, tabulated, calculated, analyzed and relevant mapping and diagrams (i.e. pie chart, bar diagram and trend line etc.) will be drawn on the basis of that with help of geographical information system.

 

7. RESULT:

As per 2011 census, the district has a population of 10, 89,263 consisting of 5, 71,162 males and 5, 18,101 females. The population density is 723 persons per square kilometer. Nuh district of Haryana consists of five blocks. Nuh is the largest block of Nuh district of Haryana and the smallest block is Taoru. The literacy rate in 2011 is 54.1 per cent whereas it was 43.3 per cent during 2001 Census. Male literacy rate in 2011 is 71 percent whereas it was 60.66 percent 2001. Female literacy rate in 2011 is 38.10 percent whereas it was 22.60 percent in 2001 and the growth rate of literacy is 25% in Nuh district. The growth rate of male literacy is 17.21 and female literacy rate is 68.58 in 2011. Women literacy rate of Taoru block in 2011 is 45.54 percent whereas it was 34.47 percent during 2001 Census. The growth rate of female literacy rate is 32.12 percent   in this block.  Women literacy rate of Nuh block in 2011 is 36.35 percent whereas it was 23.23 percent during 2001 Census. The growth rate of female literacy is 56.48 percent in this block. Women literacy rate of Nagina block 34.43 percent in 2011 whereas it was 18.09 percent during 2001 Census. The growth rate of female literacy is 90.33 percent in this block. Women literacy rate of Ferozepure jhirka block in 2011 is 29.49 percent whereas it was 15.91 percent during 2001 Census. The growth rate of female literacy is 85.36 percent in this block. Women literacy rate of Punhana block in 2011 is 28.91 percent whereas it was 15.24 percent during 2001 census. The growth rate of literacy is 89.70 percent in this block. So that Nagina block has the highest growth rate of literacy and lowest growth rate has Punhana block. Nuh district stands at last leg in Haryana state about literacy. So we can say that it has the poorest condition in Haryana state about male and female literacy rate.

 

Female literacy rate in Nuh district

Sr. No.	Blocks	Literacy rate		Growth rate
		2001	2011	2011
1	Ferozepure Jhirka	15.91	29.49	85.36
2	Nagina	18.09	34.43	90.33
3	Nuh	23.23	36.35	56.48
4	Punhana	15.24	28.91	89.70
5	Tauru	34.47	45.54	32.12
	Nuh district	22.60	36.60	79.65

Source: Census 2001-11

 

7.1 IMPACT OF LOW FEMALE LITERACY RATE:

Low female literacy rate means an overall sluggish growth of Nuh district, as it impacts every area of the development. Nuh district is struggling hard to stabilize its growing population through family planning programs. If females are illiterate; this has a direct and negative impact on these initiatives. When a girl or a woman is not educated, it is not only she who suffers but the entire family has to bear the consequences of her illiteracy. It has been found out that illiterate women face more hardships in life than literate ones. They have high levels of fertility as well as mortality; they suffer from malnutrition and all other related health problems. In one of the surveys, it has been found out that infant mortality is inversely related to mother’s educational level. In such a scenario not only women but their kids also go through the same conditions. She, who does not know the importance of education in life, does not emphasize the same for her kids. This hampers the family as well as the nation’s progress as a whole.

 

Lack of education means lack of awareness. Illiterate women are not aware of their rights. They know nothing about initiatives taken by the government for their welfare. Illiterate women keep on struggling hard and bear harshness of life, family and even their husbands.

 

8. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION:

Women education is not only with entire women realms but also with the future of whole nation. Prominent educationists view ‘a literate mother will never have an illiterate child’, or we can say that an educating woman means an educated future. District Nuh has the lowest female literacy rate among all the districts of Haryana state from 2001 to 2011. Many reason of low female literacy rate in, Nuh district of Haryana, is male dominated society. Another reason for low female literacy, in Nuh district of Haryana, is due to lack of female teachers in schools, colleges and the establishment of these institutions in faraway places, etc.

 

9. SUGGESTIONS TO IMPROVE THE PRESENT STATUS OF FEMALE EDUCATION:

For increasing female literacy rate government should provide free and compulsory education to all females at all level of education. Government should provide reservation policy for female in all sectors. Society and family should cooperate for enhancing interest and support for girl’s education. They should provide sympathetic attitude towards girl’s education.

 

10. REFERENCES

1      Vijayalakshmi Poreddi, Ramachandra, Suresh Bada Math, “Does education plays a role in meeting the human rights needs of Indian women with mental illness?”, Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice, Vol. 6, Issue 3, June 2015, pp. 369-376

2      District census handbook of Mewat 2011.

3      E. Bbaale, P. Mpuga, “Female Education, Contraceptive Use and Fertility Evidence from Uganda”, The Journal of Sustainable Development, Vol.6, No,1, 2011, pp. 20-47.

4      Y. Acharya, “Women’s Education and Intra-Household Autonomy: Evidence from Nepal”, Journal of Development and Social Transformation, Vol. 5, 2008.

5      Preet Rustagi, “Significance of Gender-related Development Indicators: An Analysis of Indian States”, Indian Journal of Gender Studies, Sage Publications, Vol. 11, No.3, 2004, pp. 291-343.

6      District census handbook of Gurugram 2001.

7      www.gr8ambitionz.com

 

 

Received on 20.12.2017       Modified on 26.12.2017

Accepted on 29.12.2017      © A&V Publication all right reserved